Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo kunye nezisombululo ekuVelweni kweeNkonkxa zeAluminium

Njengoko kuyaziwa, iitoti ze-aluminiyam ezimbini zineenzuzo ezininzi, ezifana nobunzima obulula kunye nokuphatheka lula; Akwaphuki lula, ukhuseleko olulungileyo; Ukutywinwa okugqwesileyo kunye nobomi obude beshelufu yeziqulatho; Ukuprintwa okugqwesileyo kumzimba wetoti, ukutsala umdla; Ukuqhuba kakuhle kwe-thermal, ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza kweziselo ezinkonkxiweyo; Ukuzaliswa kukhawuleza kwaye kusebenza ngakumbi kunezinye izinto zokupakisha; Kulula ukupakisha kunye nokuthutha; Ukusebenza kweendleko eziphezulu; Ingahlaziywa kwakhona nge-100% ngokungenasiphelo, kunye neqondo eliphezulu lokurisayikilishwa phakathi kwazo zonke izikhongozeli zokupakisha, ukukhusela izixhobo kunye nokunciphisa ukuveliswa kwenkunkuma, ekhuthaza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo.

Ezi zibonelelo zifumene iitoti ezimbini ze-aluminiyam isikhundla sesona sikhongozeli sokupakisha sesiselo kwiingqondo zabathengi base-United States naseYurophu, kunye nemfuno ephezulu yexesha elide. Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelelanga, imfuno yeetoti ze-aluminium (izivalo) e-United States yodwa imalunga ne-100 yeebhiliyoni zeesethi, kwaye indawo yokukhula kweemarike inkulu kakhulu.

Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo kwimveliso ye  iinkonkxa ze-aluminiyam kunye neziciko

Nangona kunjalo, zombini ngokubhekiselele kwimveliso ngokwayo kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa, ubunzima bokuvelisa amathini e-aluminium (izivalo) ziphezulu kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusuka kumbono wemveliso ngokwayo, iitoti ze-aluminium (izivalo) zine-deformation ebalulekileyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa ngenxa yezinto ezincinci kunye ne-aluminiyam ethambileyo, eyenza inkqubo 'yokukhula' ibe nzima. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokwembono yobugcisa bokuvelisa, ukuveliswa kweetoti ze-aluminium (iziciko) e-China yimveliso ye-automated ye-high-speed automated enkulu, kwaye i-can (isiciko) iteknoloji yokwenza iteknoloji ithunyelwa ngaphandle kwaye isekho kwinkqubo yokubhekisela kunye nokusetyenziswa. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ngokuqhubekayo uqokelele amava kwaye ufune inkqubela phambili.

Iingxaki ezininzi zivame ukwenzeka ngexesha lokuveliswa kweetoti ze-aluminium (iziciko). Phakathi kweengxaki eziqhelekileyo kwimveliso yetoti, imibimbi yentamo, imivimbo kudonga lwangaphakathi lwetoti, kunye neengxaki zokushicilela kumzimba wetoti zezona ziqhelekileyo.

I Collar imibimbi kunye namanyathelo unyango ngenxa iinkonkxa ze-aluminiyam

Njengoko kuyaziwa, iitoti ze-aluminium ezi- 2 zineenzuzo ezininzi, ezifana nobunzima obulula kunye nokuphatheka lula; Akwaphuki lula, ukhuseleko olulungileyo; Iingenelo zokutywinwa okugqwesileyo kunye nobomi beshelufu ende bezinto eziqulethweyo zizuze iinkonkxa ezimbini ze-aluminiyam isikhundla sesona sitya sokupakisha sesiselo esingcono kwiingqondo zabathengi e-United States naseYurophu, kwaye imfuno ihleli iphezulu ixesha elide. Ngokwahlukileyo, indawo yemfuno ye -aluminiyam elula evulekileyo isiciko   kwimarike inkulu kakhulu.

Imibimbi yentamo ye-a inokubhekisa kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo emibimbi (ngokuqhelekileyo athambileyo) akhoyo kwindawo yentamo yetoti engenanto. Imibimbi yentamo ye-necking inokuchaphazela kuphela ukubonakala kwemveliso kwaye ayichaphazeli ukhuseleko lokutywinwa kabini.

Kukho izizathu ezithathu zentamo kunye nokushwabana kweetoti ezibangelwa uhlalutyo lwe-causal. Okokuqala, ubukhulu bentsimbi ejikeleze intamo yetoti ayifani ngokupheleleyo. Okwesibini, ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa, ukwandiswa kwesikhunta sentamo ngenxa yokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa kunokubangela utshintsho oluncinci kwisithuba phakathi kwe-molds yangaphakathi nangaphandle. Ngoko ke, ukuhambelana kwezinto eziluhlaza kunye nendawo yokubumba ayilungiswanga kwaye ayitshintshi. Xa ukuguquguquka ngexesha lokudibanisa kudlula iqondo elithile, imibimbi ingenzeka kwintsimbi yentamo ngexesha lenkqubo yokukhupha. Okwesithathu, ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho izinto zangaphandle ezifana ne-slag kunye ne-oil particles eludongeni lwangaphandle lwentanyeni yetanki, ekhokelela kwimibimbi yentamo.

Nangona kunzima ukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo ingxaki ye-necking wrinkles, ubunzima ngokuqhelekileyo abukho kakhulu, kwaye ubuninzi buhlala buncinci kakhulu. Akuzange kubekho umzekelo wabathengi abakhalaza malunga nembuyekezo yale nto kwimbali, ngoko abathengi banokuyisebenzisa ngokuthe ngqo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuba le ngxaki iyenzeka ngobuninzi, ithathwa njengento engaqhelekanga kwaye idinga uhlalutyo kunye nesisombululo.

II Imivumbo ngaphakathi i-aluminiyam itoti kunye namanyathelo onyango

Imivimbo ngaphakathi ingabhekisa kwisenzeko semivimbo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo kudonga lwangaphakathi lwetoti engenanto, echaphazela kuphela ukubonakala kwetoti engenanto kwaye iphantse ingabi naziphumo ezibi ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.

Imivimbo ngaphakathi kwe-aluminiyam inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezimbini: igridi efana nemigca kunye nemigca eqondileyo ye-axial, enezizathu ezibini. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwenzela ukuba kube lula ukuchithwa okugudileyo kweetoti ze-aluminium ukusuka kubumba, oko kukuthi i-punch, ngexesha lenkqubo yokwelula, i-punch surface ibethelwe ngokukodwa ngepatheni ye-mesh ukunqoba umphumo we-vacuum adsorption phakathi kodonga lwangaphakathi lwe-can kunye ne-punch surface. Igridi efana nemigca eludongeni lwangaphakathi lwetoti ithathwe kule nto. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ipateni ye-mesh eludongeni lwangaphakathi lwetanki inokunceda ukugquma kwepeyinti yangaphakathi eludongeni lwetanki ukuba luqine ngakumbi.

Kwelinye icala, imivimbo ye-axial linear ibangelwa kukungqubana okungaqhelekanga phakathi kwepunch kunye netoti yomzimba, kwaye izizathu ezifanayo zinokukhokelela kwimigca yobude obuvela kudonga lwangaphandle lomzimba wetoti.

Iingcebiso zokuphatha: Njengoko inkqubo yokugquma yangaphakathi kwinkqubo elandelayo inokugubungela ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ivimbe udonga lwangaphakathi lwetoti, ihlukanise ngokufanelekileyo isinyithi somzimba wetoti kwimixholo yokuzalisa, kwaye ubukho baloo mizila encinci ayinayo impembelelo yokugcina kunye nokupakishwa kwezinto eziqulethweyo, kwaye ngokuqwalasela ukuba iingxaki zokubonakala emva kokuzaliswa kunye nokutywinwa azikho lula ukuzibona iingxaki ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ngokuzithemba.

III Iingxaki zokushicilela kunye nezisombululo zeetoti ze-aluminium

Ingxaki yoshicilelo lwetoti ibhekiselele ekunqongophelweni kwesiphumo esigqwesileyo soshicilelo kumzimba wetoti kunye nezinye iingxaki zoshicilelo, eziya kubangela ukubonakala kwetoti yomzimba engahambelani nesampulu eqhelekileyo.

Uhlalutyo lwesizathu: I-aluminiyam enamacandelo amabini etoti iprintwe ngoshicilelo olukwisantya esiphezulu olugobileyo, olunezinto ezithile ezikhethekileyo. Iimpawu zenkqubo yayo yoshicilelo imisela ukuba kukho izinto ezininzi ezichaphazela isiphumo soshicilelo kunoshicilelo oluqhelekileyo olusicaba, oluntsonkothileyo kwaye lubonakaliswe kule miba mihlanu ilandelayo.

Okokuqala, ubungakanani be-particle size kunye ne-viscosity utshintsho lodongwe olumhlophe kunye ne-inki esetyenziselwa ukuprinta, kunye nokungazinzi okuguquguqukayo okubangelwa ezinye izinto ngexesha lokusetyenziswa. Ukongeza, njengemathiriyeli ekrwada kwimeko ye-semi fluid, i-Bai Ke Ding kunye ne-inki zinokufumana ukusabela okubuthathaka ngexesha lokusebenza ngenxa yempembelelo yendlela yazo yokuhamba kunye neziphumo zokusebenza.

Okwesibini, iitoti ezimhlophe zinokufumana ukuguquguquka kwintsimbi yazo yentsimbi ngenxa yempembelelo ye-aluminiyam okanye imiphumo yokuhlamba.

Okwesithathu, kunokubakho utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwisixhobo somatshini wesixhobo ngexesha lokusebenza, kwaye kunokubakho umahluko omncinci kwimilinganiselo yomatshini wokushicilela kwiindawo zokusebenza ezahlukeneyo ngaphakathi koluhlu oluvumelekileyo.

Okwesine, ubukhulu be-substrate yokushicilela (iindonga ezingenanto, irabha yokuprinta) iyaguquguquka ngaphakathi koluhlu oluvunyelweyo.

Okwesihlanu, kusenokubakho utshintsho kwiqondo lobushushu be-inki nezinye izinto ekrwada, kwakunye nemekobume yezixhobo zoshicilelo.

Ezi zinto zinokuba namanqanaba ahlukeneyo empembelelo kwisiphumo soshicilelo sokugqibela, kwaye akukho lula ukujongana nayo yonke imiba enokuba nefuthe. Ke ngoko, emva kokuyila uyilo lwetoti enye, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha umenzi osisigxina kunye nendlela yokushicilela.