Izindleko Zezimpahla Zehle Ngaphezulu Kwama-40%, I-Aluminium Ingakwazi Abathengi Ukunaka

Kulo nyaka, amanani ezimpahla emizileni emikhulu yezohwebo emhlabeni wonke ehle kakhulu. I-Shanghai Containerized Freight Index (SCFI), i-barometer yemakethe yemikhumbi, ime endaweni ephakeme ngamaphoyinti angama-2505.17 ngoJanuwari 3 kulo nyaka. Nokho, ngoLwesihlanu olwedlule (lwesi-7), lase lehle lafinyelela kumaphuzu angu-1436.30, ukwehla okumangalisayo ngo-42.67%. Okushayeke kakhulu kube yimizila engukhiye eya oGwini oluseNtshonalanga ye-United States, ogwini olusempumalanga ye-United States, naseNingizimu Melika, nokwehla okusukela phakathi kuka-45% no-54%, okufana neqhwa elingalawuleki. Njengoba zibhekene nesimo esinzima kangaka, izinkampani zemikhumbi azizange zingasebenzi futhi seziqalile ukuthatha isinyathelo!

Ikakhulukazi, ukuze kunqandwe ukwehla okuqhubekayo kwamanani ezimpahla, izinkampani zemikhumbi sezithathe izinyathelo ezimbalwa. Ngaphezu kokunciphisa ukuhamba ngomkhumbi ngo-7% emasontweni amahlanu ezayo, basebenzise namasu afana nokufaka emincane esikhundleni semikhumbi emikhulu kanye nokuhlehlisa ukwethulwa kwemizila emisha. Kodwa-ke, uma lezi zinyathelo zisahluleka ukusimamisa amanani ezimpahla, izinkampani zemikhumbi zingase ziqhubeke nokungenzi lutho imikhumbi yazo.

Ngokwezibikezelo zika-Drewry, phakathi kokuhamba ngomkhumbi okungu-715 obekuhleliwe emigwaqweni emikhulu yase-Europe-America emasontweni amahlanu ezayo, uhambo lwama-47 luzokhanselwa. Phakathi kwalokhu, ama-43% okuhamba ngomkhumbi okuya empumalanga okunqamula iPacific azokhanselwa, ama-30% okuhamba ngomkhumbi e-Asia-Northern Europe kanye naseMedithera azokhanselwa, futhi ama-28% ohambo lukaseyili oluya entshonalanga oluya e-Atlantic luzokhanselwa.

Umbiko wakamuva ovela ku-consultancy i-Linerlytica ubonisa ukuthi izinkampani zemikhumbi seziqalile ukuthatha isinyathelo ukunqanda ukukhula kwamandla emzamweni wokuhlehlisa ukwehla kwakamuva kwamanani ezimpahla. Isibonelo, umholi wemboni i-Mediterranean Shipping Company (MSC) ukuqinisekisile ukuhoxa kwayo emzileni we-trans-Pacific Mustang futhi ithutha imikhumbi yayo emikhulu engu-24,000 ye-TEU yamabhokisi isuka emzileni we-Asia-Northern Europe iya emizileni yaseMedithera naseNtshonalanga Afrika. Ukwengeza, i-Ocean Alliance ikuhlehlise ukwethulwa komzila omusha wase-Asia-Northern Europe owawuhlelelwe uMashi, kanti iPremier Alliance kulindeleke ukuthi ibambezele ukwethulwa kwemizila emibili yasePacific ebihlelelwe uMeyi.

Idatha evela ku-MDS Transmodal ibonisa ukuthi izinkampani zemikhumbi zenze ukunciphisa umthamo omkhulu emigwaqweni yasePacific uma kuqhathaniswa noFebhuwari, ngokunciphisa kwe-5% kule nyanga. Inani eliphelele ngoMashi kulo nyaka lalingama-TEU ayizigidi eziyi-1.686, ukwehla kwama-TEU angama-81,000 kusukela enyangeni edlule, kodwa kusengaphezulu ngo-16% kunesikhathi esifanayo ngonyaka odlule. Lokhu kubonakala njengesandulela esingaba khona sokuqhubeka nokuncishiswa kwamandla okubalulekile esikhathini esizayo.

Kusukela ekupheleni kuka-2020 kuya ekupheleni kuka-2024, umthamo wokuthutha wamabhokisi emhlabeni wonke ukhule ngaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu, kanti umthamo wempahla emhlabeni wonke ukhuphuke ngaphansi kuka-10%. Abangaphakathi embonini baveza ukuthi ukwanda okungaka komthamo kungathathwa kancane kuphela yizinto ezinjengokuminyana kwamachweba, ubhubhane, noma inkinga yoLwandle Olubomvu. Ngokulethwa kwemikhumbi emisha, inkinga yokugcwala ngokweqile ikhula kancane kancane.

Ukuthi izinkampani zemikhumbi zizoyimisa yini imikhumbi yazo ngokulandelayo kusazobonakala. Khonamanjalo, imboni iphinde ikhathazeke ngokuthi izinkinga zentela zingacindezela ukuhamba kwezimpahla. Imininingwane ye-SCFI ikhombisa ukuthi izinga lokuthwala impahla yomzila wase-Europe bekuyi-2,851 percontainer, kodwa ngomhlaka-7 wale nyanga, lehle laya ku-1,582, okuphawula ukwehla kwama-44.51%. Ogwini oluseNtshonalanga kumzila wase-United States, izinga ngeyunithi ngayinye elinganayo engamafidi angamashumi amane (FEU) lehle lisuka ku-4,997 laya ku-4,997 laya ku-2,291, lehle ngo-54.12%. Ngokufanayo, ogwini olusempumalanga yomzila wase-United States, izinga le-FEU ngayinye lehle lisuka ku-6,481 kuya ku-6,481 laya ku-3,329, okubonisa ukwehla ngo-48.13%.

Kwamanye amazwe Abathengi be-aluminium kufanele basungule amasu okubhekana nokubhekana nale nkinga kusenesikhathi, egxile ekuguquguqukeni kwezinga lempahla, inqubomgomo yentela, ukuzinza kwe-supply chain kanye nobungozi bezinga lokushintshisana ngaphansi kwesizinda sokuhlalisana kwamanje kokuwa kwezinga lempahla yasolwandle kanye nezinkinga zentela. Ngokuthuthukisa izindleko zezokuthutha, ukuhlukanisa ubungozi bochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla, ukuphinda kuxoxiswane ngemibandela yenkontileka, kanye nokuzuza kwamathuluzi edijithali, abathengi bangahlala bencintisana futhi bathole ukulawulwa kwezindleko endaweni yemakethe eyinkimbinkimbi neguquguqukayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukunaka izitayela zemvelo kanye nokuguquguquka kwe-geopolitical nakho kungasiza ukuthuthukisa umthamo wesikhathi eside wentuthuko esimeme wamabhizinisi.